Mongolia

     This chapter talks with Chinggis Khan who was the Mongolia leader. At begin this chapter discussion about how Chinggis Khan how his soul was lost for many centuries. For all those centuries his soul was in spirit banner in Buddhist monastery. However, during 1930's Mongolia got under control by communist, Soviet Union. Chinggis Khan Soul got disappeared. In twentieth century his reincarnation in Mongolia and the Communism was going away. In 2006 they celebrated the eight-hundred years of the Mongolia Empire was found. Moreover, this chapter talks about economies that production. They were relying on livestock like goats, camels, horses, cattle, sheep, and more.

      Pastoral societies have very difficult agriculture because of the land mark which mean they produce less and did not had much economic support. They provide resources to far less populations comparing to agricultural society. Therefore, they use the advantage of large animals which need large grazing areas. On the other hand, Pastoral societies have very small populations than the agriculture societies who had more land. This people travel very often. Furthermore, this tribe people live far from each other rather than living in villages, towns and have community. However, the tribe comes together in special occasions. For me this was very interesting because I use to think that people prefer to live in community with other people instead of living far away from other people. But in this society it is opposite where they live far from one another. 

     Mongolian did not had their own religion. They did not impose religion. However, people get introduce to new religions. Overtime, they adopted Buddhism, Islam, Christianity and Manichaeism. In my opinion, I think in earlier period many societies did not had their own religion, but we learn and observe other people, so we adopt the religion. 

     This is one of the societies where women had a higher status than women in most of the society. They is very few restrictions on what they could do or no. However, women contribute more to the societies and they have a higher role in public activities. They were more equal. It is very interesting how society who hunter gathering or society who don't do much agriculture gender roles are more equal than agriculture or moral society. 

     In Pastoral societies there is cultural difference, but they have strong connection with agricultural societies. In this Mongolian Societies Chinggis Khan play very important role because male and female were more equal and both gender could fight in war, which help create stronger states and bring the unity between both men and women.

      For me this chapter was very interesting because my family believed that our old ancestors are from Mongolia and our tribe went to India than Nepal and Bhutan. While I was reading there were some similar beliefs and some words like lamas mean the same thing the religious teachers. Moreover, my dad and my dad side grandparents speak our language which is very different from the language we speak (Nepali).